Product groups:
High performance synthetic oil for the lubrication of gasoline and diesel engines...
Details...High performance synthetic oil used for the lubrication of petrol and diesel engines.
Details...high quality mineral multigrade engine oils for the lubrication of modern gasoline and Hiesel engines.
Details...High quality mineral multigrade engine oils for the lubrication of modern engines...
Details...Mineral multigrade engine oil for the lubrication of gasoline and diesel engines...
Details...High quality mineral engine oil for the lubrication of four-stroke air-cooled engines of motorcycles...
Details...High performance engine oil from Low SAPS group (low sulfate ash, phosphorus and sulfur content)...
Details...High performance engine oil from Low SAPS group (low sulfate ash, phosphorus and sulfur content)...
Details...High quality semi-synthetic oil for the lubrication of all diesel engine types...
Details...High quality motor multigrade mineral base oils from the SHPD...
Details...Mineral multigrade engine oils, intended for the lubrication of all types of high-speed diesel engines...
Details...Mineral engine oil for lubrication of diesel engines of agricultural machinery, tractors...
Details...High quality mineral monograde engine oils for diesel and gasoline engines...
Details...Semi-synthetic oil for the lubrication of two-stroke engines of scooters and mopeds...
Details...Universal mineral engine oil for the lubrication of two-stroke gasoline engines with air-cooled system...
Details...Engine oil for the lubrication of new generation high performance twostroke engines...
Details...Classifications of oils by viscosity, the so-called SAE viscous gradation, were introduced by the Society of Automotive Engineers. Viscous gradation for motor oils is defined by the SAE J 300 - Dec 99 standard.
For safe engine operation, one of the most important characteristics are the rheological properties of the oil, ie. oil viscosity. Viscosity or flowability or liquidity of oil is a measure of the ease of its flow at a certain temperature. Namely, the higher the temperature, the easier the oil flows, and the lower it is, the harder it flows. This is a natural property of oil. The measure of viscosity is the so-called. SAE gradation.
Two series of viscous gradations are defined: with the mark 'W' and without that mark. Oils marked 'W' are monograde oils for winter working conditions (winter oils: SAE 10W, SAE 20W). They are defined by maximum viscosity and pumpability at low temperatures and minimum kinematic viscosity at 100°C. These oils must provide a low enough viscosity at low temperatures for the engine to start and for the oil to circulate after the engine is started. Oils without the 'W' mark are monograde oils for summer working conditions (summer oils: SAE 30, SAE 40, SAE 50). They are defined by the minimum and maximum kinematic viscosity at 100°C, and the minimum viscosity after shear at high temperatures (150°C and 10 6 s -1 ). By combining two viscous gradations, multigrade oils are obtained that satisfy both summer and winter working conditions (SAE 15W-40, SAE 10W-40). They are defined by the maximum viscosity and pumpability of the oil when starting the engine at low temperatures and the maximum and minimum kinematic viscosity at 100°C, as well as the minimum viscosity after shear at high temperatures (150°C and 10 6 s -1 ).
SAE classification of motor oils according to SAE J300 - dec 99
| SAE viscous gradation | Maximum viscosity a) (mPa.s) at low temperatures | Max. pumpability temperatureb) for viscosity 60 000 mPa.s | Kinematic viscosityc) (mm2/s) on 100°C | HTHS viscosityd)(mPa.s) on 150°C and shear rates 106 s-1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| max | °C | °C | min | max | min | |
| 0W | 6200 | –35 | –40 | 3,8 | ||
| 5W | 6600 | –30 | -35 | 3,8 | ||
| 10W | 7000 | –25 | –30 | 4,1 | ||
| 15W | 7000 | –20 | –25 | 5,6 | ||
| 20W | 9500 | –15 | –20 | 5,6 | ||
| 25W | 13000 | –10 | –15 | 9,3 | ||
| 20 | 5,6 | 9,3 | 2,6 | |||
| 30 | 9,3 | 12,5 | 2,9 | |||
| 40 | 12,5 | 16,3 | 2,9e) | |||
| 40 | 12,5 | 16,3 | 3,7f) | |||
| 50 | 16,3 | 21,9 | 3,7 | |||
| 60 | 21,9 | 26,1 | 3,7 | |||
|
a) ASTM D 5293 – method for determining the apparent viscosity of oil at low temperatures, ie. cold start (CCS – Cold Cranking Simulator) b) ASTM D 4684 – method for determining the pumping limit temperature, ie. the lowest temperatures for pump operation and the flow of oil through the pipes (MRV – Mini Rotary Viscometar) c) ASTM D 445 – kinematic viscosity on 100°C (Kinematic Viscosity) d) ASTM D 4683, ASTM D 4741, CEC-L-36-A-90 – dynamic viscosity at high temperatures HT=1500°C, during intense shear HS=106 s-1 (HTHS – High Temperature – High Shear) e) applies to SAE 0W-40, 5W-40, 10W-40 f) applies to SAE 15W-40, 20W-40, 25W-40 and SAE 40 |
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The requirement for the viscosity of the ear during intensive shear at high temperature, the so-called shear stability - HTHS (na 150°C and 106 s-1) indicates the effective viscosity of the oil in those parts of the engine (piston-cylinder assembly, plain bearings) in which there is intense shear under harsh operating conditions, or high engine speeds. Engine oils of viscous gradation SAE 0W-40, SAE 5W-30, SAE 5W-40, which are characteristic of passenger car engines, must meet the minimum limit for viscosity at high temperatures with an intense shear of 2.9 mPa.s. With today's base oil production technology and the use of modern viscosity index improvers, it is possible to produce SAE 0W-40 engine oil that reduces fuel consumption (up to 2%), especially in cold start and subcooled driving conditions and without weakening the oil film at high operating temperatures. Engine oils with an HTHS of less than 3.5 mPa.s may only be used on engines whose design is adapted to this oil, otherwise engine damage may occur. Therefore, these oils are not used in all engines, but only with the recommendations and approvals of the engine manufacturer. Engine oils of viscous gradation SAE 15W-40, SAE 20W-40 or SAE 40 which are characteristic of engines of heavy vehicles (trucks, buses, etc.) must meet the minimum limit for viscosity at high temperatures at a high shear of 3.7 mPa.s.
Area of application of motor oils depending on external temperatures
| Multigrade - for all seasons | Temperature range of application (°C) |
|---|---|
| SAE 0W – 30 | under – 30 to + 30 |
| SAE 0W – 40 | under – 30 do + 40 |
| SAE 5W – 30 | from – 25 to + 30 |
| SAE 5W – 40 | from – 25 to + 40 |
| SAE 10W – 30 | from – 20 to + 30 |
| SAE 10W – 40 | from – 20 to + 40 |
| SAE 15W – 40 | from – 15 to + 40 |
| SAE 15W – 50 | from – 15 over + 40 |
| SAE 20W – 50 | from – 10 over + 40 |
| SAE 20W – 60 | from – 5 over + 50 |
| Monogradna - for winter climates | Temperature range of application (°C) |
| SAE 10W | Under – 20 to 0 |
| SAE 20W-20 (winter or summer - depending on the climate zone) | |
| Monogradna - for summer climatic conditions | Temperature range of application (°C) |
| SAE 30 | from 0 to + 30 |
| SAE 40 | from + 10 to + 40 |
| SAE 50 | from + 15 over + 40 |
Long-term tests have shown that the viscosity of the oil greatly affects fuel savings. Of the total fuel consumption in an engine, about 8% is used to overcome the limit friction, and about 16% on internal (viscous) friction. The use of low-viscosity engine oils results in less viscous friction which greatly affects fuel savings. For this reason, viscous oils of SAE grades 0W-30, 5W-30, 5W-40 are increasingly in use today.
In the 1970s, the API, in collaboration with ASTM and SAE, adopted a precise classification of motor oils. Two basic categories are introduced: S - category - oils for four-stroke gasoline engines used in passenger and light trucks, C - category - oils for highly loaded diesel engines of commercial vehicles.
API oil classification for four-stroke gasoline engines
| S - oil category for petrol engines | |
|---|---|
| API SA | Pure mineral oil without additives for very mild working conditions. Engine models until 1930. |
| API SB | Oil for old gasoline engines that work under minimal load. It contains small amounts of additives against wear, bearing corrosion and oxidation. Models 1930-1964. |
| API SC | Oils containing additives against wear, corrosion, oxidation and formation of deposits at low and high operating temperatures. Models 1964-1968. |
| API SD | Oils containing additives according to API SC, with improved characteristics for more stringent operating conditions. Engine models 1968-1970. |
| API SE | They provide higher oxidative stability, prevent the formation of deposits at low and high temperatures and provide better corrosion protection than API SD. Models 1972–1980. |
| API SF | Oils that provide increased protection against corrosion, wear and black deposits and that are more stable at high temperatures compared to API SE. Models 1980-1989. |
| API SG | Oils that provide greater protection against corrosion and wear are more resistant to oxidation and the formation of deposits at high temperatures than API SF. Engine models 1989-1994. |
| API SH | Oils that, compared to API SG, have even better protection against the formation of deposits, oxidation, wear and corrosion, and a lower tendency to form foam. Engine models 1994-1996. |
| API SJ | Oils that have better protection against corrosion, wear, deposits, oxidation at high temperatures and that save fuel. Engine models 1996-2001. |
| API SL | High quality oils. They provide good protection against valve wear, better protection against high-temperature deposits and lower oil consumption. Engine models 2001-2004. |
| API SM | Defines oils of the highest quality level that provide high oxidative stability, improved protection against sedimentation and better low temperature characteristics. Engine models after 2004. |
| API SN | It was introduced in October 2010. It provides better protection against high-temperature sediments, stricter sludge control, as well as better compatibility with seals. Provides greater fuel economy, better turbocharger protection and lower emissions. |
API oil classification for four-stroke diesel engines
| C – oil category for diesel engines | |
|---|---|
| API CA | Oil for naturally aspirated diesel engines operating in mild conditions. Models 1940-1950. |
| API CB | Oil for diesel engines with natural suction that work in moderate conditions and use fuel with a higher sulfur content. Models 1950-1960. |
| API CC | Oil for diesel engines with natural suction that work in difficult conditions. Meets the requirements for protection against the formation of deposits and corrosion. Models 1960-1970. |
| API CD | For diesel engines with natural suction or light turbocharging that work in difficult conditions and use all types of diesel fuel. Models 1970-1983 (Known as S-3 oils). |
| API CDII | Oils for two-stroke diesel engines. They provide protection against wear and the formation of deposits. It is used for stationary engines. Corresponds to the quality of the API CD. They were introduced in 1987. |
| API CE | Oils for diesel engines with and without turbocharging produced in 1983-1990. Known as SHPD oils. They provide lower oil consumption, prevent thickening, and reduce the formation of deposits on the piston. |
| API CF-4 | Heavy duty turbo engine oils. For extended intervals of use and long motorway journeys. They provide greater protection against sediment formation. Models 1990-1994. |
| API CF | Oils for diesel engines with indirect injection with or without turbocharging. They use fuel with a sulfur content higher than 0.5%. Engine models 1994. |
| API CF-2 | For two-stroke diesel engines. It is most often used with stationary engines. Improved API CDII variant. They provide greater protection against wear and the formation of deposits. 1994 models. |
| API CG-4 | Diesel engine oils that provide efficient control of high temperature deposits on pistons, wear, corrosion and greater oxidative stability. They require fuel up to 0.05% sulfur. Engine models 1994-1998. |
| API CH-4 | They provide optimal corrosion protection, soot control in the engine and reduced exhaust emissions. They require fuel up to 0.5% sulfur. Engine models 1998-2002. |
| API CI-4 | Oils for new diesel engine models with EGR system. They require fuel below 0.05% sulfur, and a reduction in exhaust emissions. Engine models 2002-2006. |
ACEA - classification of motor oils
| Lubricating oils for four-stroke petrol and diesel engines of passenger cars | |
|---|---|
| ACEA A1/B1 | Stay in grade oil used for extended replacement intervals in car gasoline and diesel engines and light delivery vehicles, which are designed to use low viscosity oils. HTHS viscosity: 2.6 mPa.s. for SAE xW / 20 and 2.9 - 3.5 mPa.s for all other SAE viscous grades. These oils cannot be used with all engines, but only with those approved by the engine manufacturer. |
| ACEA A3/B3 | High shear stability oil (stay in grade) used in high performance petrol and diesel engines, cars and light vans and / or for extended oil change intervals according to the engine manufacturer's recommendations. HTHS ≥ 3.5 mPa.s. Sulphated ash ≥0.9 and ≤1.5%. |
| ACEA A3/B4 | High shear stability oil used in high performance gasoline and diesel engines with direct fuel injection. Meets the requirements of the previous A3 / B3 specification. HTHS ≥ 3.5 mPa.s. Sulphated ash ≥1.0 and ≤1.6%. TBN ≥10 mgKOH / g. |
| ACEA A5/B5 | High shear stability oil (stay in grade) used in high performance gasoline and diesel engines specially designed for the use of low viscosity oils that save fuel. These oils cannot be used with all engines, but only with those where the engine manufacturer recommends that, ie. approves. For extended oil change interval. HTHS ≥ 2.9 and ≤3.5 mPa.s. Sulphated ash ≤1.6%. |
| Oils for four-stroke petrol and diesel engines of cars with exhaust gas treatment | |
|---|---|
| ACEA C1 | High shear stability oil, compatible with diesel particulate filter (DPF) and three-stage catalyst (TWC). For high-performance petrol and diesel engines in cars and vans, which require low-viscosity, fuel-saving oils. They cannot be used with all engines, but only with those approved by the engine manufacturer. HTHS ≥ 2.9 mPa.s. They extend the life of the DPF and TWC as well as the vehicle itself. It saves fuel. They have the lowest SAPS limits: SA≤0.5%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.2%. |
| ACEA C2 | High shear stability oil, compatible with diesel particulate filter (DPF) and three-stage catalyst (TWC). For high-performance petrol and diesel engines in cars and vans, which require low-viscosity oils. They cannot be used with all engines, but only with those approved by the engine manufacturer. HTHS ≥ 2.9 mPa.s, SAPS: SA≤0.8%, P ≥ 0.07 and ≤0.09%, S≤0.3%. |
| ACEA C3 | High shear stability oil (stay in grade), compatible with diesel particulate filter (DPF) and three-stage catalyst (TWC) and prolongs their life. For high performance petrol and diesel engines in cars and vans. HTHS ≥ 3.5 mPa.s, SAPS: SA≤0.8%, P≥0.07 and ≤0.09%, S≤0.3%. |
| ACEA C4 | High shear stability oil (stay in grade), compatible with diesel particulate filter (DPF) and three-stage catalyst (TWC) and prolongs their life. For high performance petrol and diesel engines in cars and vans. HTHS ≥3.5 mPa.s, SAPS: SA≤0.5%, P≤0.09%, S≤0.2%. |
| Lubricating oils for four-stroke heavy-duty diesel engines (heavy duty) | |
|---|---|
| ACEA E4 | Stable 'stay in grade' oil that provides excellent piston cleanliness, protection against wear and soot. Recommended for heavy-duty diesel engines: Euro 1, Euro 2, Euro 3, Euro 4 and Euro 5. They are used in diesel engines without particulate filters for some with EGR and SCR systems. HTHS≥3.5mPa.s, SA≤2.0%. |
| ACEA E6 | Stable 'stay in grade' oil that provides excellent control of piston cleanliness, wear and soot regulation. Recommended for heavy-duty diesel engines: Euro 1, Euro 2, Euro 3, Euro 4 and Euro 5. This oil is suitable for engines with EGR and SCR equipment. Especially recommended for engines with particulate filter (DPF) in combination with low-sulfur fuel. HTHS≥3.5mPa.s, SA≤1.0%, P≤0.08%, S≤0.3%. |
| ACEA E7 | Stable 'stay in grade' oil that provides excellent control of piston cleanliness and cylinder polishing. Provides excellent protection against wear and soot. Recommended for heavy-duty diesel engines: Euro 1, Euro 2, Euro 3, Euro 4 and Euro 5. This oil is suitable for most engines with EGR and SCR equipment and for engines without particulate filters (DPF). HTHS≥3.5mPa.s, SA≤2.0%. |
| ACEA E9 | Stable 'stay in grade' oil that provides excellent control of piston cleanliness and cylinder polishing. Provides excellent protection against wear and soot. Recommended for heavy-duty diesel engines: Euro 1, Euro 2, Euro 3, Euro 4 and Euro 5. This oil is suitable for most engines with EGR and SCR equipment. Especially recommended for engines with particulate filter (DPF) in combination with low-sulfur fuel. HTHS≥3.5mPa.s, SA≤1.0%, P≤0.12%, S≤0.4%. |
ISO oil classification for two-stroke petrol engines
| ISO classification | |
|---|---|
| ISO-L-EGB | It contains additives that provide lubricity and ensure engine cleanliness. General performance engines that do not require protection against deposits in the exhaust system and that do not require a reduced level of exhaust smoke. |
| ISO-L-EGC | General performance engines that require protection against deposits in the exhaust system and that require reduced levels of exhaust fumes. Synthetic fluids are added to reduce exhaust fumes and inhibit deposits on the exhaust system that reduce power. |
| ISO-L-EGD | General performance engines that require protection against deposits in the exhaust system, reduced levels of exhaust smoke as well as additional additives that provide greater cleanliness to prevent the piston ring from sticking during severe operating conditions. Synthetic fluids are added to reduce exhaust fumes and inhibit deposits on the exhaust system that reduce power. |
API and ASTM oil classification for two-stroke gasoline engines
| API and ASTM classification | |
|---|---|
| API-TA (ASTM TSC-1) | For two-stroke engines up to 50 cm 3 (mopeds, small generators, pumps). Easy working conditions. |
| API- TB (ASTM TSC-2) | For two-stroke engines up to 250 cm 3 (motorcycles, scooters, chainsaws, etc.) Medium operating conditions. |
| API-TC (ASTM TSC-3) | For engines over 250 m 3 (agricultural machinery, passenger cars Wartburg, Trabant). Difficult working conditions. Reduces deposits and varnishes on the piston, prevents the piston rings from sticking. |
| API-TD (ASTM TSC-4) | For modern, petrol two-stroke engines that use unleaded petrol as fuel. Also, for outboard engines that match the NMMA TC-W. Difficult working conditions. |
JASO oil classification for two-stroke petrol engines
| JASO classification | |
|---|---|
| JASO FA | Similar API TA. |
| JASO FB | Similar API TB and ISO-L-EGB. |
| JASO FC | Limits the content of smoke in the exhaust gas (low smoke). The standard was issued in 1994. Similar to ISO-L-EGC. |
